June 30, 2025
On May 8, 2025, over 1 billion Catholics worldwide witnessed the election of a new Pope through the traditional Vatican Conclave. A process steeped in history, precedent, and mystery, the success of a new shepherd for the faithful played out in front of a global audience. What made this election special was that it was the first time an American was chosen to be the "Vicar of Christ," and he took the name Pope Leo XIV. This is the third Pope to be selected in the 21st Century, and he is seated at a time of great uncertainty among Catholics regarding the direction of the church. Is Pope Leo the right leader for the flock?
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The ascension of Cardinal Prevost, who was born and raised in Chicago and lived for a time in Peru, was a history-making election for Vatican City. It was the first time in the two-thousand-year history of the Catholic Church that an American cardinal was chosen to sit on the throne of Saint Peter. There were other favorites, including Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle of the Philippines and Petro Parolin of Italy. However, the College of Cardinals chose a mild-mannered man with humble Midwestern roots to become the new Pontiff. It doesn't hurt that the process by which he was promoted used a secret ballot, which itself was secluded from the outside world. When he was selected, thousands of people saw white smoke and cheered loudly as he emerged in flowing robes.
What does the world know about Pope Leo XIV? There were murmurs that he might balance both traditionalism and modern thinking, as he chose his Papal name as a successor to a man (Pope Leo XIII, 1878-1903) who introduced some new thinking to the church, known as Rerum Novarum. It was an open letter to bishops, archbishops, and patriarchs, encouraging support for the working class while eschewing both socialism and capitalism. His letter aimed to call for the alleviation of poverty among the working class while promoting living wages for workers, respecting property rights, and upholding free enterprise. Additionally, he believed that one of the primary duties of the church was to protect human dignity through social justice. It was a balanced approach to the 20th Century. What to make of Pope Leo XIII's inspiration for the current Pope? Will his successor adopt a modernist, yet balanced approach, following the direction his papal inspiration chose?
Pope Leo XIV may want to lead in a similar pragmatic manner. It would require serious skill in balancing the various factions within the church. There are calls from some Catholics to have the church return to its conservative roots. On the other hand, I am sure Pope Leo understands the desire of others to move the church towards their desired shift to more acceptable positions regarding women in leadership positions, and support for relationships amongst LGBT+ Catholics. While I can understand a desire to be more accommodating to modern beliefs, churches must be rigid about some things, since rules and morals are what they are because they don't shift based on political, social, or populist sentiments. While this may cause some to be upset, I understand the desire to be firm on certain traditional church positions.
I have read online that some interpret Pope Leo's previous messaging, writings, and conversations on "X" that he is not a fan of the new White House administration, particularly of President Trump's deportation policies, nor Vice President Vance's opinion on social issues. That is purely speculative, since a Pope needs to have a productive and cooperative relationship with the President of the United States, since 20% of Americans identify themselves as Catholic; it is a significant percentage of the Vatican's global constituency. It would be beneficial to harness the power of the Office of the President and the worldwide reach of the White House; they both should have a strong desire to work together for the greater good.
Pope Leo XIV was selected at a time of transition for the church itself, 25 years into the new century, and he could be a pivotal figure if he makes the right decisions and positions the church to win back many who have drifted away from their faith. There are a few things Pope Leo can make part of his agenda, and if he succeeds, he will be remembered as one of the Catholic Church's most extraordinary leaders in its history.
In my analysis, I offer these recommendations as food for thought:
1) Give local dioceses the power to refer priests and any other clergy to Vatican City who abuse those in their care directly, without pushback from Vatican City. Perhaps even give them the authority to defrock and excommunicate those men as well. The sexual abuse that took place over the past 50 years (what is known at least), and highlighted recently through countless investigations and depicted in films, must be prevented by any means necessary. In the past, troublesome priests or cardinals who caused problems were just moved around ("out of sight, out of mind"), until a quiet solution was found. That will not fly in the digital age, and if the new Pope allows for regional administration and jurisdiction, I think it would endear those dioceses to local Catholics.
2) Implement significant changes to the church hierarchy and allow priests to live like the rest of society. Give women a more prominent role (on some level) within the church. Traditionists would advocate for only men being priests and cardinals, which is not a dealbreaker for me. Having leadership positions for women within regional dioceses is a good thing, for they will bring empathy and nurturing to the order, which is needed. Additionally, with the Catholic Church having to battle negative stereotypes about alleged abuse of the most vulnerable in their care, having women with character in positions of authority will help alleviate some of these impressions. There can never be enough watchful shepherds for the flock. I think this initiative will be one of the more contentious since traditionalists will not want to budge on more women in senior positions within the church. My main point is not that a gender will necessarily make someone good for their position. The primary benefit is that having a large pool of people to select from improves the safeguarding of the most vulnerable members of the church and brings in more talented people to serve a higher and noble purpose.
I think it would also help grow the priesthood if more ordained priests were allowed to be married. I understand the church may be against it because of the vastness of its monetary and physical assets around the world, which it would want to protect from any divorce, not to mention contradiction with its vows of celibacy (which are unrealistic in today's age). While it would complicate things, and there needs to be assurances in countries where the church has a large presence, that anyone who is not a priest is not entitled to anything from the church following a marriage dissolution. This is not something that can be agreed to within a short window, but I hope it can be discussed over time. It would attract more dedicated and passionate Catholics if priests were allowed to have families, as in other churches and denominations.
3) Provide additional options for Catholics to commune together or find better ways to connect with their spiritual side. Church attendance is in steady decline throughout the Western World, particularly in the United States. That could be due to more options and distractions, as well as outdated positions by people who feel that church doctrine has not evolved quickly enough to match society as a whole. Perhaps one could consider replacing long, multi-hour services, including those in Latin, with shorter services, more meditations, and support sessions for parishioners, which can be held in the evenings at local churches. These things could encourage more young people to become religious and spiritual, or even Catholic, if certain reports are to be believed.
4) Clean up the political machinations, scandals, and mismanagement within the Roman Curia, the Vatican's large bureaucracy. Many years ago (2013), when Pope Francis took over the Holy See, in one of his first speeches, he extolled the various issues that plague the largely administrative, civil service underbelly of the Vatican. These issues include being "spiritually lost, overworked, arrogant, feeling immortal, glorifying people in senior positions," and having lost their main reason for being, which is assisting the Pope in tending to his large flock around the world. It is very similar to the large bureaucracy of the American government, where agencies and individuals are more concerned with protecting their territory, rather than serving the American president and his agenda. A return to its roots, while serving the greater good, is a return to its primary mission. Hopefully, Pope Leo XIV can move the administrative state in the right direction.
Another looming problem for the church is economic, where its finances are in dire straits, and which now encroaches on its massive pension system. The Catholic Church has been running deficits for quite some time, but the pension system within the Church has large funding gaps that pose a danger to the overall financial health of the organization. I believe now it has turned into a crisis. There are two main bodies of the church: one is the city-state of the Vatican, and the other is the Holy See, the aforementioned administrative state. The Vatican produces a surplus in revenue from tourism, merchandise sales, and the Vatican Museum. The Holy See spends far more than its operating expenses, and thus is a potential financial quagmire for the incoming Pope.
The agenda for any incoming Pontiff is complex, but Pope Leo XIV has the potential to be transformative and have his legacy live on for centuries. Will he be able to succeed with any of these initiatives? Time will tell, since any government's administrative state can impede initiatives if it wants to. The Roman Curia is not different.
I would like to see the Pope successful, and I hope his efforts will bring religion back (at least on a spiritual level) into people's lives. Most people want to believe in something that provides them inspiration, comfort, or motivation. If Pope Leo XIV can make positive changes to the church, including improvement of its financial health and protecting the most vulnerable, that would put the church back on a righteous path. Additionally, if he continues Pope Francis's initiatives regarding the poor and destitute, along with giving women leadership positions within parts of the church, I think he can have a lasting imprint on human history, especially with Catholics around the world.